Marinate the calamari in a mixture of sparkling water, lemon juice, baking soda, sugar, and salt, then chill it in the refrigerator for 2.5 hours.
Make the dressing by combining breadcrumbs, almonds, garlic, lemon juice, olive oil, yogurt, and mayonnaise in a food processor. Mix until incorporated and refrigerate.
After 2 hours, remove the calamari from the refrigerator and drain well in a colander. Do not rinse or dry.
Combine flour, cornmeal, and salt in a medium bowl.
Add calamari rings one at a time to the flour mixture. Toss gently to coat and shake off excess.
Heat vegetable oil in a pot to 340˚. Test oil by dipping a corner of one ring into it. If it sizzles, it’s hot enough. Add a few rings at a time and cook until lightly golden.
Divide salad greens between 4 plates or bowls. Top with shallots, tomatoes, and cucumbers.
Add dressing to salads and top with cooked calamari. Season with salt and pepper to taste and serve.